{"id":1758,"date":"2019-05-03T10:44:30","date_gmt":"2019-05-03T08:44:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cematec.org\/traumatologia\/protesis\/protesis-de-genoll\/"},"modified":"2022-06-16T21:58:46","modified_gmt":"2022-06-16T19:58:46","slug":"protesis-de-genoll","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.cematec.org\/ca\/traumatologia\/protesis\/protesis-de-genoll\/","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u00f2tesis de genoll"},"content":{"rendered":"

Una<\/span> pr\u00f2tesi<\/span> total de genoll<\/span><\/strong> o artropl\u00e0stia<\/span><\/strong> \u00e9s<\/span> la substituci\u00f3<\/span> de la articulaci\u00f3<\/span> de la genoll<\/span> per<\/span> uns<\/span> components<\/span> de aliatges<\/span> (crom<\/span> , cobalt<\/span> i molibd\u00e8<\/span> , titani<\/span> u oxini<\/span> ), combinats<\/span> amb polietilens<\/span> especials<\/span> i que<\/span> es uneixen<\/span> al os<\/span> b\u00e9<\/span> sigui per<\/span> ciment<\/span> o sense ciment<\/span> amb superf\u00edcies rugoses<\/span> , poroses<\/span> o cargols<\/span> . Tot<\/span> aix\u00f2<\/span> amb la finalitat<\/span> de tornar<\/span> la mobilitat<\/span> i alineaci\u00f3<\/span> de la genoll<\/span> , aix\u00ed<\/span> com<\/span> evitar<\/span> el dolor provocat<\/span> pel<\/span> desgast<\/span> de la artrosi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

La substituci\u00f3<\/span> de la articulaci\u00f3<\/span> de la genoll<\/span> ve<\/span> condicionat<\/span> pel<\/span> dolor que<\/span> incapacita<\/span> per a<\/span> la vida<\/span> quotidiana<\/span> com a<\/span> conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncia<\/span> del desgast<\/span> produ\u00eft<\/span> per<\/span> la artrosi<\/span> , provocada<\/span> sobretot<\/span> per<\/span> la<\/span> edat<\/span> o per<\/span> algun<\/span> accident<\/span> previ<\/span> que<\/span> tamb\u00e9<\/span> condueix al mateix<\/span> desgast<\/span> . Per aix\u00f2<\/span> es col\u00b7loca<\/span> una<\/span> pr\u00f2tesi<\/span> de genoll<\/span> que<\/span> de vegades<\/span> estar\u00e0<\/span> cimentada<\/span> i en altres<\/span> no necessitar\u00e0<\/span> la seva<\/span> cimentaci\u00f3<\/span> .<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

Hi ha<\/span> casos<\/span> molt<\/span> complexos<\/span> que<\/span> han<\/span> patit<\/span> diverses<\/span> intervencions<\/span> pr\u00e8vies<\/span> per<\/span> solucionar<\/span> greus fractures<\/span> i que<\/span> es troben<\/span> al l\u00edmit<\/span> de possibilitats<\/span> per a<\/span> la seva<\/span> col\u00b7locaci\u00f3<\/span> .<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

La finalitat<\/span> de tota<\/span> pr\u00f2tesi<\/span> \u00e9s<\/span> eliminar<\/span> el dolor que<\/span> incapacita<\/span> per a<\/span> una<\/span> vida<\/span> normal i restablir<\/span> la alineaci\u00f3<\/span> de la genoll<\/span> per a<\/span> la deambulaci\u00f3<\/span> i amb la expectativa<\/span> de una<\/span> llarga<\/span> durada<\/span> .<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

PRECISA<\/span> REHABILITACI\u00d3<\/span> LA PR\u00d2TESIS<\/span> DE GENOLL<\/span> ? <\/strong><\/p>\n

Precisa<\/span> iniciar<\/span> la rehabilitaci\u00f3<\/span> dins<\/span> de les<\/span> 24 hores<\/span> seg\u00fcents<\/span> a la intervenci\u00f3<\/span> i amb la ajuda<\/span> de f\u00e8rules<\/span> motoritzades<\/span> que<\/span> efectuen<\/span> un moviment<\/span> passiu<\/span> , lent i sense dolor, aconseguint<\/span> 90\u00ba de flexi\u00f3<\/span> a la primera<\/span> setmana<\/span> , moment<\/span> a que<\/span> \u00e9s<\/span> alta<\/span> de la cl\u00ednica<\/span> . Posteriorment<\/span> segueix<\/span> rehabilitaci\u00f3<\/span> a el<\/span> domicili<\/span> o en un centre<\/span> especialitzat<\/span> . Aquesta<\/span> va<\/span> dirigida<\/span> a potenciar<\/span> m\u00fasculs<\/span> que<\/span> flexionen<\/span> i estenen<\/span> la genoll<\/span> perqu\u00e8<\/span> la<\/span> deambulaci\u00f3<\/span> sigui segura<\/span> encara que<\/span> es ajudi<\/span> de bastons<\/span> .<\/p>\n

QU\u00c8<\/span> PODR\u00c9<\/span> FER<\/span> DESPR\u00c9S<\/span> DE LA INTERVENCI\u00d3<\/span> ?<\/strong><\/div>\n

A partir<\/span> del 3r o 4t dia<\/span> podr\u00e0<\/span> caminar<\/span> amb els bastons<\/span> recolzant<\/span> la extremitat<\/span> per<\/span> caminar<\/span> , encara que<\/span> depenent<\/span> de les<\/span> condicions<\/span> del os<\/span> i el tipus<\/span> de intervenci\u00f3<\/span> el seu<\/span> cirurgi\u00e0<\/span> li autoritzar\u00e0<\/span> a carregar<\/span> major o menor<\/span> pes sobre<\/span> aquest<\/span> genoll<\/span> .<\/p>\n

Entre<\/span> el 6\u00e8 i 7\u00e8 dia<\/span> podr\u00e0<\/span> doblar<\/span> la genoll<\/span> per<\/span> seure<\/span> correctament<\/span> a una<\/span> cadira<\/span> ja continuaci\u00f3<\/span> aprendr\u00e0<\/span> a pujar<\/span> i baixar<\/span> escales<\/span> amb la ajuda<\/span> dels bastons<\/span> o el passam\u00e0<\/span> de la escala<\/span> .<\/p>\n

Posteriorment<\/span> , a casa, assegut<\/span> sobre<\/span> una<\/span> taula podr\u00e0<\/span> seguir<\/span> els exercicis<\/span> de potenciaci\u00f3<\/span> muscular i tamb\u00e9<\/span> passejar<\/span> pel<\/span> carrer<\/span> sempre<\/span> amb l’ ajuda<\/span> de bastons<\/span> .<\/p>\n

Entre<\/span> el 2n-3r mes<\/span> podria<\/span> realitzar<\/span> tasques<\/span> com<\/span> nedar<\/span> , conduir<\/span> i tot<\/span> all\u00f2<\/span> que<\/span> no requereix<\/span> saltar<\/span> o c\u00f3rrer<\/span> , ja<\/span> que<\/span> es considera<\/span> que<\/span> el os<\/span> es estabilitza<\/span> a partir<\/span> del 6\u00e8 mes<\/span> .<\/p>\n<\/div>

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