{"id":1748,"date":"2019-05-03T10:30:08","date_gmt":"2019-05-03T08:30:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cematec.org\/traumatologia\/artroscopies\/artroscopia-de-genoll\/"},"modified":"2022-06-16T21:58:46","modified_gmt":"2022-06-16T19:58:46","slug":"artroscopia-de-genoll","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.cematec.org\/ca\/traumatologia\/artroscopies\/artroscopia-de-genoll\/","title":{"rendered":"Artrosc\u00f2pia de genoll"},"content":{"rendered":"

Amb l’ artrosc\u00f2pia<\/span> de genoll<\/span><\/strong> podem<\/span> veure<\/span> i reparar<\/span> estructures<\/span> com<\/span> els meniscs<\/span><\/strong> o fer<\/span> pl\u00e0sties<\/span> de lligaments<\/span> creuats.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Es considera<\/span> pl\u00e0stia<\/span> lligament\u00e0ria<\/span> a tota<\/span> reparaci\u00f3<\/span> de una<\/span> estructura<\/span> anat\u00f2mica<\/span> , trencada o deteriorada<\/span> i que<\/span> necessita<\/span> ser<\/span> substitu\u00efda<\/span> per<\/span> una altra<\/span> de la mateixa<\/span> persona o d’un banc<\/span> de teixits<\/span> .<\/p>\n

A la genoll<\/span> solen<\/span> substituir-se<\/span> el lligament<\/span> creuat<\/span> anterior o lligament<\/span> creuat<\/span> posterior, despr\u00e9s<\/span> d’un traumatisme<\/span> esportiu<\/span> , laboral<\/span> o de tr\u00e0nsit<\/span> , recent<\/span> o antic<\/span> i que<\/span> comporta<\/span> dolor, fallades<\/span> i inestabilitat<\/span> del genoll<\/span><\/strong>; sempre<\/span> despr\u00e9s d’<\/span> efectuar<\/span> un per\u00edode<\/span> de rehabilitaci\u00f3<\/span> .<\/p>\n

La ruptura<\/span> cr\u00f2nica<\/span> dels lligaments<\/span> creuats<\/span> deteriora<\/span> progressivament<\/span> els cart\u00edlags<\/span> , meniscs<\/span> , abocant<\/span> a una<\/span> artrosi<\/span> o desgast<\/span> prematur<\/span> de l’ articulaci\u00f3<\/span> .<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

La pl\u00e0stia<\/span> es pot<\/span> obtenir<\/span> de una<\/span> part<\/span> del lligament<\/span> rotuli\u00e0<\/span> , os-tend\u00f3-os<\/span> (HTH) o b\u00e9<\/span> de tendons<\/span> de la cara<\/span> interna<\/span> de la genoll<\/span> , tend\u00f3<\/span> del semitendin\u00f3s<\/span> o de banc<\/span> de teixits<\/span> . Un<\/span> cop<\/span> preparats<\/span> , s\u00f3n trasplantats<\/span> al lloc<\/span> idoni<\/span> i es fixen<\/span> amb uns<\/span> cargols<\/span> de titani<\/span> o ben<\/span> reabsorbibles<\/span> fins<\/span> que<\/span> els extrems<\/span> ossis<\/span> es reincorporen<\/span> al os<\/span> .<\/p>\n

COM<\/span> ES REALITZA<\/span> LA Pl\u00e0STIA<\/span> ?<\/strong><\/p>\n

La pl\u00e0stia<\/span> de lligament<\/span> creuat<\/span> s’efectua<\/span> amb anest\u00e8sia<\/span> regional d’ extremitats<\/span> inferiors<\/span> i es prepara<\/span> tota<\/span> la intervenci\u00f3<\/span> per<\/span> artrosc\u00f2pia<\/span> . Amb uns<\/span> petits<\/span> forats<\/span> s’introdueixen<\/span> les<\/span> c\u00e0nules<\/span> i els instruments<\/span> per<\/span> poder<\/span> treballar<\/span> amb l’ ajuda<\/span> d’un monitor de televisi\u00f3<\/span> .<\/p>\n

Un<\/span> cop<\/span> preparat<\/span> l’interior de la genoll<\/span> , s’ha d’<\/span> efectuar<\/span> una<\/span> petita<\/span> incisi\u00f3<\/span> a la cara<\/span> anterior de la genoll<\/span> per<\/span> poder<\/span> extreure<\/span> la pl\u00e0stia<\/span> HTA<\/span> del propi<\/span> pacient<\/span> , que<\/span> prepararem<\/span> amb les<\/span> mesures<\/span> exactes i es reintroduir\u00e0<\/span> dins<\/span> dels t\u00fanels<\/span> efectuats<\/span> que<\/span> es bloquegen<\/span> amb els corresponents<\/span> cargols<\/span> ia la tensi\u00f3<\/span> exacta. Aix\u00f2<\/span> \u00e9s<\/span> v\u00e0lid<\/span> per<\/span> al lligament<\/span> creuat<\/span> anterior<\/strong> i tamb\u00e9<\/span> per<\/span> al lligament<\/span> creuat<\/span> posterior<\/strong> encara que<\/span> existeix<\/span> m\u00e9s gran complexitat<\/span> t\u00e8cnica<\/span> .<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

QUAN<\/span> ES REALITZA<\/span> LA REHABILITACI\u00d3<\/span> ?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Entre<\/span> les<\/span> 12-24 hores<\/span> ia la mateixa<\/span> cl\u00ednica<\/span> es retiren<\/span> els tubs<\/span> de drenatge<\/span> i es col\u00b7loca<\/span> la genoll<\/span> sobre<\/span> una<\/span> f\u00e8rula<\/span> motoritzada<\/span> que<\/span> mobilitza<\/span> la genoll<\/span> de forma passiva<\/span> , sense cap<\/span> esfor\u00e7<\/span> i es aconsegueixen<\/span> uns<\/span> 90\u00ba de mobilitat<\/span> dins<\/span> de la primera<\/span> setmana<\/span> . Tamb\u00e9<\/span> es efectuen<\/span> exercicis<\/span> actius<\/span> per<\/span> evitar<\/span> la atr\u00f2fia<\/span> dels m\u00fasculs<\/span> de la genoll<\/span> i es inicia<\/span> la marxa<\/span> amb ajuda<\/span> de uns<\/span> bastons<\/span> al dia<\/span> seg\u00fcent<\/span> de la intervenci\u00f3<\/span> .<\/p>\n

El alta<\/span> de la cl\u00ednica<\/span> sol<\/span> oc\u00f3rrer<\/span> dins<\/span> de la primera<\/span> setmana<\/span> i es continuen<\/span> els exercicis<\/span> a casa o b\u00e9<\/span> en un centre<\/span> de rehabilitaci\u00f3<\/span> fins a<\/span> aconseguir<\/span> la mobilitat<\/span> completa<\/span> .<\/p>\n

QU\u00c8<\/span> PUC<\/span> FER<\/span> DESPR\u00c9S<\/span> DE LA INTERVENCI\u00d3<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n

Podreu<\/span> caminar<\/span> a les<\/span> 24 hores<\/span> de la intervenci\u00f3<\/span> , amb ajuda<\/span> de bastons<\/span> , mobilitzar<\/span> la genoll<\/span> entre<\/span> les<\/span> 12-24 hores<\/span> , doblegar<\/span> la genoll<\/span> fins<\/span> al angle<\/span> recte a la setmana<\/span> i aconseguir<\/span> la mobilitat<\/span> completa<\/span> entre<\/span> 2a i 4a setmana<\/span> .<\/p>\n

Podr\u00e0<\/span> fer<\/span> una<\/span> vida<\/span> relativament<\/span> normal entre<\/span> les<\/span> 6-8 setmanes<\/span> si<\/span> vost\u00e8<\/span> . no realitza<\/span> un treball<\/span> f\u00edsic<\/span> fort<\/span> per\u00f2<\/span> el esport<\/span> de contacte<\/span> no s’hauria d’<\/span> iniciar<\/span> abans dels 6 mesos<\/span> . Tot<\/span> aix\u00f2<\/span> ve<\/span> condicionat<\/span> per<\/span> la necessitat<\/span> de que<\/span> el os<\/span> trasplantat<\/span> estigui<\/span> ho suficientment<\/span> remodelat<\/span> per<\/span> suportar<\/span> qualsevol<\/span> c\u00e0rrega<\/span> .<\/p>\n<\/div>

<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1637,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"yoast_head":"\nArtrosc\u00f2pia de genoll - CEMATEC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cematec.org\/ca\/traumatologia\/artroscopies\/artroscopia-de-genoll\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Artrosc\u00f2pia de genoll - CEMATEC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.cematec.org\/ca\/traumatologia\/artroscopies\/artroscopia-de-genoll\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"CEMATEC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-06-16T19:58:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/www.deepface.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/rodi.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Temps estimat de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minuts\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.cematec.org\/ca\/traumatologia\/artroscopies\/artroscopia-de-genoll\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.cematec.org\/ca\/traumatologia\/artroscopies\/artroscopia-de-genoll\/\",\"name\":\"Artrosc\u00f2pia de genoll - 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